LINUX beginners needing commands which help them  basically to get the exact route, check these networking command which will help you in learning process.

*  /etc/rc.d/init.d/network   start - command to start, restart or stop the network
* netstat - Display connections, routing tables, stats etc
o List externally connected processes: netstat -punta
o List all connected processes: netstat -nap
o Show network statistics: netstat -s
o Kernel interface table info: netstat -a -i eth0
* ping - send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts. Use Cntl-C to stop ping.

* host - Give a host name and the command will return IP address, the host command will use both /etc/hosts as well as DNS.
Example: host domain-name-of-server
* traceroute - print the route packets take to network host
o traceroute IP-address-of-server
o traceroute domain-name-of-server
* mtr - a network diagnostic tool introduced in Fedora - Like traceroute except it gives more network quality and network diagnostic info. Leave running to get real time stats. Reports best and worst round trip times in milliseconds.
o mtr IP-address-of-server
o mtr domain-name-of-server
* whois - Lookup a domain name in the internic whois database.
* finger - Display information on a system user. i.e. finger user@host Uses $HOME/.plan and $HOME/.project user files. Often used by game developers.

* iptables - IP firewall administration (Linux kernel 2.6/2.4) .
* ipchains - IP firewall administration (Linux kernel 2.2) .
* socklist - Display list of open sockets, type, port, process id and the name of the process. Kill with fuser or kill.
* nslookup - Give a host name and the command will return IP address Note that nslookup does not use the /etc/hosts file.

This is the description of file Editing with VI ssh commands in linux operating system.

vi : another editor, tons of features, harder to use at first than pico

vi /home/burst/public_html/index.html : edit the index page for the user’s website.

Whie in the vi program you can use the following useful commands, you will need to hit SHIFT + : to go into command mode

:q! : This force quits the file without saving and exits vi

:w : This writes the file to disk, saves it

:wq : This saves the file to disk and exists vi

:LINENUMBER : EG :25 : Takes you to line 25 within the file

:$ : Takes you to the last line of the file

:0 : Takes you to the first line of the file

grep : looks for patterns in files

grep root /etc/passwd : shows all matches of root in /etc/passwd

grep -v root /etc/passwd : shows all lines that do not match root

ln : create’s “links” between files and directories

ln -s /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf /etc/httpd.conf : Now you can edit /etc/httpd.conf rather than the original. changes will affect the orginal, however you can delete the link and it will not delete the original.

last : shows who logged in and when

last -20 : shows only the last 20 logins

last -20 -a : shows last 20 logins, with the hostname in the last field

w : shows who is currently logged in and where they are logged in from.

who : This also shows who is on the server in an shell.

netstat : shows all current network connections.

netstat -an : shows all connections to the server, the source and destination ips and ports.

netstat -rn : shows routing table for all ips bound to the server.